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Location: Ngoc Son Temple is on Hoan Kiem
Lake, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi.
Characteristic: Hoan Kiem Lake was already considered the most beautiful
lake in Hanoi when Ngoc Son Temple was built on an island in the 19th century.
Initially, the temple was called Ngoc Son Pagoda and was later renamed Ngoc Son
Temple, since temples are dedicated to saints.Saint Van Xuong, considered to be one of the brightest stars in Vietnam's
literary and intellectual circles, was worshipped there. National hero Tran Hung
Dao is also worshipped after he led the Vietnamese people to victory over the
Yuan aggressors. The temple as it is today is the result of renovations made by
Nguyen Van Sieu in 1864. A Confucian scholar, Nguyen Van Sieu had a large
pen-shaped tower built at the entrance of the temple. On the upper section of
the tower, also called Thap But, are three Chinese characters Ta Thanh Thien,
which literally means "to write on the blue sky” is to imply the height of a
genuine and righteous person's determination and will; Dai Nghien, meaning "ink
stand", is carved from stone resembling a peach placed on the back of the three
frogs on top of the gate to the temple; and The Huc, meaning "where rays of
morning sunshine touch". On the way to the temple there are several parallel
sentences (cau doi), written on the walls. These cau doi were part of
traditional word puzzles played by educated individuals.
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